Top 12 Best Castles in Scotland for an Enchanting Visit

Scotland, a land woven with rich history and majestic landscapes, is home to some of the most breathtaking castles in the world. These architectural marvels are not just remnants of the past but are living narratives of Scotland's tumultuous history, culture, and the lives of those who walked their halls, from Mary Queen of Scots to the clans that battled in the Jacobite Rising. Exploring the best castiles in Scotland offers more than just a journey through time; it promises scenic views, an insight into medieval architecture, and stories of intrigue and legend that continue to captivate visitors from around the globe.

In this article, we will guide you through the top 12 best castles in Scotland for an enchanting visit. From the iconic Edinburgh Castle, perched dramatically above the capital city, to the fairy-tale beauty of Eilean Donan Castle at the intersection of three great sea lochs, and the rugged ruins of Urquhart Castle on the banks of Loch Ness, each castle has its unique charm and history. You will discover castles nestled in the Scottish Highlands, surrounded by Victorian gardens, and others standing as proud symbols of Scottish heritage and conservation success stories. Whether you're tracing the steps of royalty at Balmor Castle, seeking the haunted halls of Glamis Castle, or planning a Scottish castle wedding, this journey through Scotland's finest castles will leave you spellbound.

Edinburgh Castle

Edinburgh Castle History

Edinburgh Castle, a symbol of Scotland's heritage, stands majestically on Castle Rock, a site with human activity dating back to the Iron Age. The castle's strategic military importance is evident from its history of sieges, with its control being pivotal to ruling Scotland. Originally built in the early 12th century, it has been a royal residence, a military garrison, and a fortress throughout the centuries. Notably, the castle was frequently under siege during the Wars of Independence and has evolved significantly over time with numerous rebuilds and modifications.

Edinburgh Castle Highlights

The castle is home to the Honours of Scotland, the oldest crown jewels in Britain, and the Stone of Destiny, used in the coronation of Scottish monarchs. Key highlights include St. Margaret's Chapel, the oldest building in Edinburgh, the Great Hall built in 1511, and the mighty Mons Meg, one of the largest cannons from the medieval period. The Scottish National War Memorial and the National War Museum also reside within the castle, offering insights into Scotland's military history.

Edinburgh Castle Visitor Experience

Visiting Edinburgh Castle provides a rich, educational experience with various attractions to explore. It is recommended to purchase tickets online to avoid long queues and ensure entry. For an enhanced visit, audio guides are available, providing narratives by historians and voices familiar with the castle's history. The castle offers breathtaking views of the city from various points, making it a must-visit for anyone coming to Edinburgh.

Stirling Castle

Stirling Castle History

Perched on a volcanic rock, Stirling Castle is one of Scotland's largest and most significant castles, with a history dating back to the 12th century . This fortress has served as a royal residence and a military stronghold, playing a pivotal role in Scotland's history through numerous battles and sieges . Stirling Castle's strategic location over the River Forth made it a key point of contention during the Wars of Independence, frequently changing hands between Scottish and English forces .

Stirling Castle Highlights

Stirling Castle boasts impressive features such as the Great Hall, the Chapel Royal, and the Renaissance-style Palace, each telling stories of Scotland's royal past . The castle's architecture, including its formidable walls and towers, offers visitors a glimpse into medieval Scotland . Notably, the castle was the preferred residence of many Scottish monarchs who contributed to its grandeur, with structures like the King's Old Building and the Royal Palace highlighting the castle's architectural evolution over the centuries .

Stirling Castle Visitor Experience

Visitors to Stirling Castle can explore its rich history and enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding countryside . The castle offers a comprehensive visitor experience with access to historical buildings, exhibitions, and the chance to learn about the significant events that took place within its walls . Whether it's exploring the royal enclosures or experiencing the restored interiors of the Royal Palace, Stirling Castle provides a captivating journey through Scotland's past .

Eilean Donan Castle

Eilean Donan Castle History

Eilean Donan Castle, a picturesque fortress, rests on a small tidal island where three sea lochs merge in the western Highlands of Scotland. Its origins trace back to the 13th century, initially serving as a stronghold for the Clan Mackenzie and Clan Macrae. Throughout its history, the castle has witnessed numerous significant events, including the Jacobite risings. It faced partial destruction in 1719 during a Jacobite uprising but was meticulously restored in the early 20th century .

Eilean Donan Castle Highlights

Today, Eilean Donan is not only recognized for its stunning location but also for its impressive architecture and rich history. The castle features a collection of artifacts that showcase its past and the local culture, including furniture from Chippendale and Sheraton, and historical weapons. The Banqueting Hall, adorned with timber ceiling beams from British Columbia, highlights the global connections of the Macrae family . The castle also offers a romantic setting, frequently hosting weddings in its Great Hall .

Eilean Donan Castle Visitor Experience

As one of Scotland's most visited tourist attractions, Eilean Donan Castle offers a variety of visitor experiences. You can explore numerous rooms and exhibits that depict the castle’s historical and cultural significance. Guided and audio tours are available, enhancing the exploration of its scenic surroundings, including the picturesque meeting point of the three sea lochs . The visitor center, complete with a coffee shop and gift shop, provides amenities to enhance your visit, ensuring a memorable experience at this iconic Scottish landmark .

Urquhart Castle

Urquhart Castle History

Urquhart Castle, a historic stronghold on the shores of Loch Ness, has been a focal point of Scottish history since its construction in the 13th century. Initially serving as a defense against invading forces, it played a significant role in the Wars of Scottish Independence. Over the centuries, it was held by the Clan Grant, becoming their bastion of power. The castle's tumultuous past includes sieges and captures, reflecting the ongoing struggle for control in the Highlands .

Urquhart Castle Highlights

Today, the ruins of Urquhart Castle stand majestically, offering visitors a glimpse into its storied past. Key features include the towering Grant Tower, the great hall, and a prison cell that once held captives. The castle is renowned for its panoramic views over Loch Ness and its substantial historical artifacts, including a full-sized working trebuchet. Its strategic location and architectural remnants make it a symbol of the Highland spirit .

Urquhart Castle Visitor Experience

Urquhart Castle is one of Scotland's most visited castles, attracting over half a million visitors annually. Guests can explore the extensive ruins, learn about the castle's rich history through interactive exhibits, and enjoy stunning views of Loch Ness and the surrounding countryside. The modern visitor center enhances the experience, providing educational resources and amenities to ensure a memorable visit to this iconic Scottish landmark .

Dunnottar Castle

Dunnottar Castle History

Dunnottar Castle, a striking cliff-top fortress, has been a defensive stronghold since the Early Middle Ages. Its history is marked by numerous sieges and notable historical events, including the daring rescue of the Scottish Crown Jewels from Oliver Cromwell's army in the 1650s . The castle's architecture, primarily from the 15th and 16th centuries, stands as a testament to its enduring importance in Scottish history .

Dunnottar Castle Highlights

This iconic ruin offers breathtaking views over the North Sea and is renowned for its dramatic location on a rocky headland. Visitors can explore the extensive ruins, including the well-preserved 16th-century palace and the poignant Whigs' Vault, where 167 Covenanters were imprisoned . The castle's architecture and the surrounding landscapes provide a perfect backdrop for photography and historical exploration .

Dunnottar Castle Visitor Experience

Dunnottar Castle is accessible via a scenic path from Stonehaven, offering stunning coastal views. The site features informative displays that recount its storied past and significant events, such as the siege during the Wars of Scottish Independence . Visitors can enjoy exploring the rugged ruins and learning about the castle's strategic role in Scotland's history . The visitor center, planned to be enhanced with a new café and shop, aims to provide a memorable experience for all guests .

Glamis Castle

Glamis Castle History

Glamis Castle, nestled in Angus, Scotland, has been the ancestral home of the Earls of Strathmore and Kinghorne since the 14th century. The castle's foundations date back to the 11th century, with significant expansions from the 14th to 19th centuries . It gained fame as the childhood home of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and as the backdrop for Shakespeare's "Macbeth" . Over the centuries, Glamis has witnessed pivotal historical events, including visits from Mary, Queen of Scots, and its use as a royal residence .

Glamis Castle Highlights

The castle offers a rich tapestry of history, showcased through its stunning architecture and the extensive family collections within its walls. Visitors can explore beautifully preserved rooms where the Bowes-Lyon family has resided since 1372, offering an intimate glimpse into the aristocratic lifestyle . The walled gardens and the atmospheric Macbeth Trail provide a serene escape, while the castle's role in royal and literary history adds to its allure .

Glamis Castle Visitor Experience

When you visit Glamis Castle, you can expect a captivating journey through time. The castle provides a variety of tour options, including guided tours that delve into its fascinating history and architecture . These tours highlight significant aspects of the castle, from its strategic beginnings to its current standing as a beloved heritage site. Additionally, the visitor center offers resources to enhance your understanding and enjoyment of this historic landmark .

Balmoral Castle

Balmoral Castle History

Balmoral Castle, a majestic estate in Royal Deeside, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, stands as a principal residence of the British royal family. Originally purchased by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in 1852, the castle was rebuilt in the Scottish Baronial style and completed in 1856. The site of the original 15th-century castle is marked by a commemorative stone, symbolizing its rich historical roots .

Balmoral Castle Highlights

As a working estate, Balmoral spans approximately 50,000 acres, featuring forestry, farmland, and a variety of wildlife, including red deer and golden eagles. The castle itself, primarily accessible during the royal family's absence, allows visitors to explore the grand ballroom and its extensive grounds. Notably, the estate's design reflects contributions from historical figures such as Prince Albert and the landscape gardener James Beattie .

Balmoral Castle Visitor Experience

Open to the public during specific months, Balmoral offers a unique glimpse into royal life. The visitor experience is enriched with audio guides and the opportunity to explore the lush gardens and architecture. Special events, like safari tours, highlight the estate's natural beauty and its conservation efforts. Despite limited access to the castle's interior, the experience remains a captivating journey through the royal family's summer retreat .

Inveraray Castle

Inveraray Castle History

Inveraray Castle, the ancestral home of the Dukes of Argyll, leaders of Clan Campbell, has graced the shores of Loch Fyne since the 1400s. The current castle, a stunning example of Gothic Revival architecture, was constructed in the 18th century, replacing a medieval structure on the same site. This transformation was inspired by a sketch from Vanbrugh, the architect behind Blenheim Palace, with the foundation stone laid in 1746 .

Inveraray Castle Highlights

As you explore Inveraray Castle, you'll be captivated by its grandeur, from the impressive armory hall to the elegant drawing rooms. The castle is renowned for its collection of historic artifacts, including armor and tapestries that reflect Scotland's rich cultural heritage. The surrounding gardens enhance the fairy-tale ambiance of the castle, offering breathtaking views of Loch Fyne .

Inveraray Castle Visitor Experience

Visiting Inveraray Castle offers a deep dive into Scottish history and architecture. The castle provides guided tours that allow you to explore its luxurious interiors and learn about the pivotal role of the Clan Campbell in Scottish history. Don't miss the opportunity to also visit the nearby town of Inveraray, known for its Georgian architecture and historical ties to the Clan Campbell .

Blair Castle

Blair Castle History

Blair Castle, nestled in the village of Blair Atholl in Perth and Kinross, Scotland, has been the stronghold of the Clan Murray and the Dukes of Atholl for over seven centuries . The castle's origins date back to the 13th century, with the current structure reflecting extensive renovations and additions from the 18th and 19th centuries . Its architecture and strategic importance have evolved through the Medieval, Georgian, and Victorian eras, witnessing both turbulent and peaceful times .

Blair Castle Highlights

Your visit to Blair Castle offers a journey through the State Apartments, the Armoury Hall, and the expansive gardens and grounds . These features showcase the castle's historical significance and the lifestyle of its inhabitants over the centuries. The Armoury Hall, in particular, displays an impressive collection of arms, reflecting the castle's military history . The gardens, laid out in the 18th century, include a nine-acre walled garden, a wooded grove, and a gothic folly, providing a picturesque setting that complements the castle’s grandeur .

Blair Castle Visitor Experience

Blair Castle invites you to explore its rich history and stunning architecture through guided tours and exhibits that delve into the lives of the Clan Murray and the Dukes of Atholl . The castle also hosts a variety of events and activities throughout the year, such as Highland games and cultural events, enhancing the visitor experience . For convenience, the castle offers a range of visitor services, including an audio-visual room for those unable to navigate stairs, and facilities for disabled visitors to ensure a comfortable and inclusive experience .

Culzean Castle

Culzean Castle History

Culzean Castle, set on the scenic coast of Ayrshire overlooking the Firth of Clyde, serves as a striking example of 18th-century architecture, designed by the renowned Scottish architect Robert Adam. Commissioned by the 10th Earl of Cassillis, the castle was transformed into an elegant residence for the Kennedy family, showcasing Adam's signature style which harmonizes with the dramatic clifftop setting .

Culzean Castle Highlights

The castle is now a cherished visitor attraction managed by the National Trust for Scotland. You can explore the grand state apartments, including the Circular Staircase and the Armoury, each adorned with historical artifacts that echo the castle's rich heritage. The grounds are equally impressive, featuring a country park with lush gardens, woodland walks, and a tranquil swan pond, which together with the castle's architecture, attract film and television productions like 'Entrapment' and 'Outlander' .

Culzean Castle Visitor Experience

Open to the public, Culzean Castle offers a comprehensive visitor experience that includes access to its well-preserved interiors and picturesque grounds. The estate spans over 260 hectares, filled with secret follies, play parks, and a diverse range of flora and fauna, making it an ideal spot for a day out exploring the natural and architectural beauty of Scotland .

Cawdor Castle

Cawdor Castle History

Cawdor Castle, set in the lush Scottish Highlands near Nairn, embodies medieval grandeur with its origins dating back to the 15th century. Built around a robust tower house, it has seen numerous additions over the centuries . The castle's storied past includes its association with William Shakespeare’s "Macbeth," although historically, Macbeth never visited the site . The castle grounds were chosen based on a legendary tale where a donkey, laden with gold, lay down under what was believed to be a hawthorn tree, determining the location for the castle .

Cawdor Castle Highlights

Today, Cawdor Castle is renowned not just for its historical architecture but also for the extensive collection of art and antique furniture it houses, reflecting centuries of family history . The castle is surrounded by vast gardens and woodlands, offering visitors a picturesque escape into nature . Intriguingly, the castle is still home to the Dowager Countess of Cawdor and maintains a lived-in feel, which adds to its charm and authenticity .

Cawdor Castle Visitor Experience

Open to the public during the summer, Cawdor Castle offers a unique glimpse into both the past and present of Scottish noble life. The castle provides a memorable experience for all visitors, though it is noted that access might be limited for those with mobility issues due to the historic nature of the property . For a deeper understanding of the castle's rich history and to enjoy the serene beauty of its gardens, visiting Cawdor Castle is considered a must when exploring Scotland .

Dunvegan Castle

Dunvegan Castle History

Dunvegan Castle, the oldest continuously inhabited castle in Scotland, has been the stronghold of the Chiefs of Clan MacLeod for nearly 800 years . Located on the Isle of Skye, this castle's earliest sections date back to the 13th century, with significant expansions and renovations occurring over the centuries . Each generation of the MacLeod clan has left its mark, transforming it into a complex of buildings with a unified Victorian appearance, despite its varied historical layers .

Dunvegan Castle Highlights

As you explore Dunvegan Castle, you'll discover a rich array of historic artifacts and luxurious interiors that belie its fortified exterior . The castle is renowned for its Fairy Flag, a legendary artifact said to possess protective powers, which has been historically significant in the clan's battles . The extensive castle grounds feature beautifully maintained gardens, a seal colony, and provide stunning views of the surrounding landscapes, making it a cultural and natural treasure .

Dunvegan Castle Visitor Experience

Dunvegan Castle offers a unique glimpse into Scotland’s rich history and culture . You can choose between a self-guided tour with a detailed guidebook or join one of the regular guided tours that delve deeper into the clan MacLeod legend . Although access inside the castle is limited for visitors with mobility issues, an 'armchair visit' can be arranged, ensuring everyone has a chance to experience its history . The castle's visitor center enhances the experience, equipped with amenities to ensure a memorable visit regardless of the Scottish weather .

Conclusion

Scotland's castles stand as timeless sentinels, each with its own unique story, encapsulating centuries of history, culture, and architectural innovation. From the strategic might of Edinburgh Castle to the enchanting ruins of Urquhart Castle on Loch Ness, these structures offer a window into Scotland's turbulent past, the legends woven into its fabric, and the natural beauty that frames these historic edifices. They serve not only as monuments to Scotland's legacy but also as vibrant centers of cultural preservation and visitor interaction, drawing people from around the globe to experience firsthand the tales of heroism, intrigue, and romance that echo through their halls.

The journey through Scotland’s most captivating castles underscores the country’s rich heritage and the enduring allure of its landscapes. Exploring these castles provides more than just a glimpse into medieval and modern Scottish life; it offers an immersive experience in the stories that have shaped Scotland. As witnesses to history and guardians of centuries-old traditions, these castles invite adventurers, historians, and dreamers alike to delve into the heart of Scotland. This exploration into Scotland's noble past through its castles not only enriches our understanding of history but also inspires us to preserve these tales for future generations.

FAQs

Which castle in Scotland is renowned for its photogenic qualities?
Eilean Donan Castle, located in Kyle of Lochalsh, is arguably the most photographed castle globally. It has a rich history dating back to 643 AD and is set on an island at the entrance of Loch Duich. The castle is enveloped by the forested mountains of Kintail and offers stunning views towards the Isle of Skye, making it a picturesque spot.

Which castle is considered the most romantic in Scotland?
Castle Fraser in Inverurie, Aberdeenshire, stands out as one of the most romantic castles in Scotland. This baronial, five-storey tower house allows visitors to explore its interiors and climb up to the round tower for sweeping panoramic views of the surrounding gardens and estate.

What is the significance of Edinburgh Castle in Scotland?
Edinburgh Castle is the most significant fortress in the Kingdom of Scotland. Located in Edinburgh, Lothian, it has played a pivotal role in numerous historical conflicts, including the Wars of Scottish Independence in the 14th century and the Jacobite Rising of 1745.

Between Stirling Castle and Edinburgh Castle, which offers a more impressive setting?
Both Stirling Castle and Edinburgh Castle are built on rocky plugs, offering formidable natural defenses. However, the steep cliffs at Stirling are often considered more impressive than those at Edinburgh Castle. Stirling Castle's strategic location was chosen for its excellent defensive capabilities and its crucial role in guarding the river crossing on the River Forth.